Mwombekimedia2023

  Custom union, refers to the intergration in the members set the common tariffs against the non-members 0nly the participants members set the common external policies.this is the second stage of the classical theory of custom union  which maintain that region intergration move in stage from the low (free trade ) to deep(political federation) , the good example of custom union in the world is european economic community but the East Africa community also considered as the custom union which consist of numbers of members as Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, South sudan. most purpose of custom union is to make easier member countries to trade freely with others within the custom with different advantages as increase of trade flows and economic diversification reduces the trade  deflection but also the custom union has some negatives as loss of economic sovereignty where non-tariff trade barries are the obstacles that hinders the development of free trade among the...

 This work is going to explain issues concern to globalization especially to the developing countries. Also this work divided into three major parts which are introduction, main body and conclusion. In introduction posses different meaning of globalization from different stuff, type of globalization and also some examples of developing countries .Also in main body is going to show some threats posed by globalization to the developing countries and some practical measure should taken to survive in this era of globalization and conclusion show emphasize to those measure taken. According to World Health Organization, globalization can be defined as the increased interconnectedness and interdependence of people and countries. It is generally understood to include two inter related elements, the opening of international borders to increasingly fast flow of goods, services, finance, people, ideas and the changes in institution and policies at national and international level that facilit...

  Non-state actors; Are individuals or organizations that operate outside the framework of government and play a significant role in   international relations. Examples of non-state actor includes transnational corporations, Non government organization (NGOs), Terrorist organizations, Criminal networks, International organizations (example world trade organization and Criminal court), Religion organizations, Activist groups, Media organizations, cyber criminals and Drug cartels. When those non – state they have many places, which can be played its role like in mining sectors, agriculture sectors, industries sectors, and other sectors. Government is the body or group of people that govern a day to day affairs of the country example President, PM Ministers, RCS They conduct the policy and affairs of a state on daily basis as well as controlling or influencing affairs of a state in this way government can be good or bad democratic. Those some non-state actors they are playing man...

  Volcano is the part of the Earth that erupt magma from the Earth’s chambers. The magma upon reaching the surface transforms into  ash, lava and volcanic gases. Over a long period of time with many such eruption a volcano is formed layer by layer until the magma in the chamber beneath is erupted. Also there are different features which formed due to volcanoes like composite volcano, ash and cinder cone, shield volcanoes plug domes, crater and caldera. Shield volcano according to David A. William and Jan Redebaugh(2022), Are formed from effusive eruptions tha produce relatively low-viscosity lava flows forming of dume-like shape by the accumulation of thousands of layers of lava flows. Oregen state  University(2003), Explained that shield volcano es are usually constructed almost entirely of basaltic and andesitic lava flows which were very fluid when erupted. They are built by repeated eruption of that occured intermedietly over vast period of time. Also Walker(2000) Exp...

  NTBs are often justified on four main reasons:  1. To safeguard health, safety, and security of human beings, animals and plants, and  against environmental pollution.  2. To protect home industries and consumers  3. To safeguard national security  4. To safeguard against revenue loss  3.2 Non‐Tariff Barriers to Trade in EAC NTBs in EAC, like in any other region, result in delays and increased costs which ultimately  hinder the free movement of goods and services. Removal of NTBs is much more effective in  boosting intra‐regional trade that the method of tariff liberalisation. This is to say that,  returns in terms of welfare gains, growth, employment generation and poverty reduction  are more likely to be realised by addressing NTBs, than through tariff liberalisation.  (Odhiambo, W. 2010).  In 2005, the East African Business Council (EABC) launched a major initiative in efforts to  eliminate the existing NTBs in E...

  Education for Liberation and the Process of Conscientisation    Education for Liberation The concept of liberation presupposes a social situation where the democratic principle of equality is violated. John Locke (1632-1704), as we saw earlier, stated that every human being has the natural rights to life, to liberty and to property. The violation of individuals’ rights to liberty and to property tends to occur in the contexts where the more powerful members in a community infringe upon the rights of the weaker or less powerful members in that community. Liberation in such a context is an act of restitution to redress the injustices suffered under the violation of natural human rights. It is a process of setting the aggrieved individuals free from injustices - restoring their natural rights. Definitions To liberate some one is to set him free from the control of someone else, so that the liberated person is in control of his own life. It is a restoration of the natural r...